- TCP/IP Protocol: The Internet uses the Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) suite to manage data communication between devices. TCP ensures reliable data transfer by breaking it into small packets and reassembling them at the receiving end. IP routes these packets between devices based on their IP addresses.
- Packet Switching: When a computer wants to send data to another computer, it breaks the data into small packets and adds a header containing the source and destination IP addresses, packet sequence number, and other control information. The packets are then sent to a router, which forwards them to the next hop on the path to the destination.
- Routers: Routers are specialized computers that connect multiple networks together and route data packets between them. They use IP addresses to determine the best path for each packet to reach its destination.
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