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The ancient caves are the perfect representation of how history can be preserved for millions of years through art forms and paintings. These caves are located inside the mines of Toquepala which are around 154km away from the city of Tacna. They are located southwest of Peru and known for some ancient rock paintings and art done by early man. These caves are also known as Devil’s rock face and are on the western Andes. The caves are situated along the Osmore River at an elevation of 2,200 m, and the caves are a combination of two smaller caves with different size.
The two caves are situated along the Rio Locumba and have a dry stream flowing across it that originates from the Sierra to the desert. It is known that during the Stone Age, these caves were inhabited by Collawa ethnic tribes and were the one who made the rock paintings. The caves became more popular after copper element concentration was found to be high in these caves. The funding for the study of the caves for its copper presence was given by South Peru Copper Corporation, and the studies began in the year of 1963. There are a number of artifacts also found during the research study.
With the excavation, the detailed research and analysis started for the caves, and it was found that the caves had pre-ceramic habitation dating back from 7,650 BC. There are many pits found inside the caves and in one of the pit, even paint brushes made of wood, and natural paints were found. There are a number of cave art forms within the cave which represent hunting. The gatherers and hunters lived within the caves around 10,000 years ago, and there are more than 50 rock paintings which show the caves habited by the Stone Age people.
The caves have arts and paintings show a lot of stories and things they did. The paintings showed armed men hunting, some Andean symbols, and humans in posture, killing or attacking animals using axes, spears, etc. Most of the paintings are drawn using 7 colors where red was the dominant one as well as yellow and green used, and paintings were made from hematite. The caves can be visited with organized tours, and this way, the guide will help in imparting information about the caves in a better way. These caves are a great place to explore for anthropologists and historians.
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