Galaxy Collisions, Stars, and Panspermia

Artist's View of Planets Transiting Red Dwarf Star in TRAPPIST-1 System. Illustration:  Illustration: NASA, ESA, and G. Bacon (STScI); Science: NASA, ESA, and J. de Wit (MIT), Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons.

AI Prompt:

If a Red Dwarf type star, with planets (or moons) hosting bacteria that are orbiting in habitable zones were ejected from a galaxy, how long of a journey could that bacterial life undertake, for instance could it survive until the star is captured by another galaxy?

Hubble & Webb- Galaxies IC 2163 and NGC 2207. NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI, CC BY-SA IGO 3.0, CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO, via Wikimedia Commons.

AI:

The survival of bacterial life during a journey through intergalactic space would depend on several factors, including the conditions of the environment and the resilience of the bacteria. Red dwarf stars have long lifespans, often lasting hundreds of billions of years, which means that if a star with habitable planets were ejected from a galaxy, the potential for bacterial life to survive could be significant. Here are some key points to consider:

Lifespan of Red Dwarf Stars

Red dwarf stars can live for hundreds of billions to trillions of years due to their slow nuclear fusion processes.

This longevity provides ample time for life to evolve and adapt, potentially allowing for the survival of bacteria even in extreme conditions.

Conditions for Survival

Bacteria are known for their resilience and can survive in harsh environments, including extreme temperatures, radiation, and vacuum conditions.

Some bacteria can enter a dormant state, allowing them to withstand long periods without nutrients or water.

Intergalactic Journey

The journey through intergalactic space could take billions of years, depending on the speed of the ejected star and its trajectory.

During this time, if the planets or moons retain some form of atmosphere or liquid water, it could enhance the chances of bacterial survival.

Capture by Another Galaxy

If the star is eventually captured by another galaxy, the conditions on the planets or moons would play a crucial role in determining whether the bacteria could thrive again.

Factors such as the presence of water, suitable temperatures, and protection from radiation would be essential for re-establishing life.

Conclusion

While the journey through intergalactic space poses significant challenges, the inherent resilience of bacteria and the long lifespan of red dwarf stars suggest that there is a possibility for bacterial life to survive until the star is captured by another galaxy.
Further research into extremophiles and their survival mechanisms could provide more insights into this fascinating scenario.


The Andromeda Galaxy is approximately 2.5 million light-years away from us.

To leave our galaxy, a star has to reach the escape velocity, which is approximately 550 kilometers per second.

If traveling at 550 km/second it would take approximately 1,383,808,000 years.


Imaging billions of these across scattered across the universe, stellar seeds and now captured by a new galaxy; the final leg of the trip occurs via lithopanspermia to other worlds.

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