Hi Josh,
I recently went through this exact same problem. The Windows 10 update went into an endless loop where almost every update failed - causing the PC to restart and redownload the huge files again and again. It took me a month and multiple methods but I finally figured it out! It's complicated so I'm going to post it here on Steemit tonight or tomorrow as a guide titled Windows 10 Update: Endless Loop Fix.
Best regards,
Lance