Money (outside of central bank printing) is loaned into existence by commercial bank loans, and is winked out of existence when it is repaid. This is not in the slightest controversial. Consider this simplified example:
Alice deposits $100 into her account at Bank A. Bank A loans that $100 out to Bob. Money supply has just increased from $100 to $200 (as both Alice and Bob have claim on $100 each). That extra $100 is a debt. This is how the vast majority of money comes into existence.
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