The Dendrobium speciosum complex comprises a group of closely related Australian endemic orchids. One of Australia’s most wide spread orchid groups occurring from north eastern Victoria to Cooktown in far north Queensland, the complex shows considerable morphological variability across its range. Although putative morphological groups are recognised that appear to be associated with geographical regions, the pattern of variability is complex and in many areas morphological intermediates also exist. Several taxonomic treatments have been proposed for the complex however classifications do not agree on the number of distinct groups or the taxonomic rank (species, sub-species or variety) at which these groups should be recognised.