Introduction to Computer Programming - part 4

INTRODUCTION TO PROGRAMMING

I am collating my study notes as part of my education into Computer Programming. In an attempt to increase and improve my own learning, and to help others also (learn by teaching) I will be sharing my notes, as neatly presented as possible, for others to follow along with if they so wish. This is Lesson 4's notes.

EARLIER LESSONS

Lesson 1 Notes
Lesson 2 Notes
Lesson 3 Notes

INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER PROGRAMMING – STUDY NOTES

LESSON 4

CONTROL FLOW

Control Flow = creating an order in which statements will be executed in a program.

Conditional Statements = tells the program to do a certain action if a condition is met.
The below are examples of conditional statements.

IF STATEMENT

if(true)
{
do this
}

If the statement is [true] then execute the code [do this]

Example of C++ code utilising the if statement.

enter image description here

IF ELSE STATEMENT

if(true)
{
do this
} 
else 
{
do this instead
}

If statement is [true] then execute the code [do this].
Otherwise execute the second code [do this instead]

Defensive programming = offer the else statement to allow for possible issues.
LINK: Defensive Programming

Example of C++ code utilising the if...else statement.

enter image description here

IF THEN STATEMENT

if(true)
{
do this
}
else if(true)
{
do this instead
}
else
{
just do this
}

If statement is [true] then execute the code [do this].

If it's not true then check another statement [else] and see if that one is [true]. If it is then execute it's code [do this instead].

There can be more of them to follow. In the above example it is just two.
If neither of them is true, then execute the last code [just do this].

Example of C++ code utilising the if...then statement.

enter image description here

Second example of C++ code utilising the if...then statement.

enter image description here

RECAP OF LESSON 1, 2 AND 3

In Lesson 1 we briefly looked at:

What is a programming language?
Language Types – especially HIGH Level and LOW Level.
Compiled vs Interpreted Languages
Data Types: Strongly Typed vs Weakly Typed Languages.
Data Types: The most common data types (characters, integers, floating-point, fixed-point, boolean, reference).

In Lesson 2 we looked briefly looked at:

Variables
Constants

These both flow on from Data Types and work with these.

In Lesson 3 we looked briefly at:

Operators

Used to allow operations (such as multiplication) to be performed on variables or constants.

FURTHER DATA

cpp.sh - C++ shell website
Scratchpad - Shift + F4 on Firefox - Javascript shell
Dev C++ - A free, portable, fast and simple C/C++ IDE
Code::Blocks - A free C, C++ and Fortran IDE
Ideone - an online compiler and debugging tool which allows youto compile source code and execute it online in more than 60 programming languages.

My Posts

Introduction From a Newbie Programmer and Intro - part 2
Introduction to Computer Programming - part 1 (Lesson 1)
Introduction to Computer Programming - part 2 (Lesson 2)
Introduction to Computer Programming - part 3 (Lesson 3)

Images from unsplash.com.

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