Mosaic is an image formed from small pieces arranged by combining shapes and colors. Nowadays mosaics can be formed from pieces of paper, small stones, even there are applications that make it easier to make a mosaic. Then how did the beginning of the Mosaic begin to be known?
About 5000 years ago, mosaic began to be known in human life. The first evidence of mosaic decoration is found in a temple in Iraq which was made around 3000 BC. Since that time, human civilization throughout the world began to accept culture using mosaics. The Romans named each piece of mosaic made up with the name 'tesserae', usually in the form of small stones, beads or other materials that could be arranged to form an image.
In the past, mosaics can be made with several techniques. The first technique is the direct method by attaching tesserae pieces to the surface of a three-dimensional object. The second technique is the indirect method by arranging the mosaic pieces first somewhere, after finishing and then placed on the surface of a three-dimensional object. The last technique is the same method with the indirect method but with twice the workmanship. Then for color selection usually by choosing the appropriate small stone, colored glass, or stone coated with gold sheets.
For mosaics on the floor, it is usually built by creating a layer called a statute first. The statistic is composed of gravel combined with 25 cm mortar or cement called rudus. The next layer is given a finer sanctuary, called the nucleus, and then above this nucleus is given the scratches of the mosaic design sketch to be made. After that, it will be installed one by one on it.