Classical definitions of Fascism
Random House Webster's Collegiate Dictionary from 1992:
- a totalitarian governmental system led by a dictator and emphasizing an aggressive nationalism, militarism and often racism.
- the philosophy, principles, or methods of fascism.
- a movement toward or embodying fascism, esp. the one established by Mussolini in Italy 1922–43.
Modern definition from Dictionary.com"
- (sometimes initial capital letter) a governmental system led by a dictator having complete power, forcibly suppressing opposition and criticism, regimenting all industry, commerce, etc., and emphasizing an aggressive nationalism and often racism.
- (sometimes initial capital letter) the philosophy, principles, or methods of fascism.
- (initial capital letter) a political movement that employs the principles and methods of fascism, especially the one established by Mussolini in Italy 1922–43.
oxforddictionaries.com:
- An authoritarian and nationalistic right-wing system of government and social organization.
1.1 (in general use) extreme authoritarian, oppressive, or intolerant views or practices.
‘this is yet another example of health fascism in action’
The term Fascism was first used of the totalitarian right-wing nationalist regime of Mussolini in Italy (1922–43); the regimes of the Nazis in Germany and Franco in Spain were also Fascist. Fascism tends to include a belief in the supremacy of one national or ethnic group, a contempt for democracy, an insistence on obedience to a powerful leader, and a strong demagogic approach
- Right wing does not mean the same thing in every form of government. Oxford is using the British right and left forms which is referring to their right and left wings of their parliament.
Google's search page from US:
Fascism is a form of radical authoritarian nationalism, characterized by dictatorial power, forcible suppression of opposition and control of industry and commerce, which came to prominence in early 20th-century Europe. Wikipedia
Merriam-Webster.com:
- often capitalized : a political philosophy, movement, or regime (such as that of the Fascisti) that exalts nation and often race above the individual and that stands for a centralized autocratic government headed by a dictatorial leader, severe economic and social regimentation, and forcible suppression of opposition
- a tendency toward or actual exercise of strong autocratic or dictatorial control
- early instances of army fascism and brutality —J. W. Aldridge
WordCentral.com
- political system headed by a dictator in which the government controls business and labor and opposition is not permitted
Bottom line:
If someone says fascism can only be right winged, then they are using the British referenced oxford definition. Brit Right wing is the US left wing. This is just like Brit Conservatives are trying to preserve the monarchy and inherited power, where as the liberals are trying to keep the power in the hands of the people. Just like the US, they have libertarian.
My equating of the house sides is not to be used as exact representation, but more of an illustration of variances between these countries.
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