Tuberculosis! Cause, Symptoms and Treatment (let's make it simple)

[aiomodesto]

Tuberculosis is an airborne bacterial infection caused by Mycobacterium Tuberculosis.

Symptoms:

1. More then 2 weeks of coughing
2. Fever
3. Unexplained weight loss
4. Loss of appetite
5. Chest or back pain
6. Haemoptysis or blood in the sputum

Diagnostic Tools:

1. Chest X-ray
2. Sputum smear microscopy
3. TB Culture
4. Drug Sensitivity Test

Types of Treatment

For Rifampicin Susceptible Tuberculosis

1. Category 1:
   Intensive Phase - 2 months (56 doses) of Isoniazid, Rifampicin, Pyrazinamide and Ethambutol.
   Continuation Phase - 4 months (112 doses) of Isoniazid and Rifampicin.
   TOTAL - 6 months (168 doses)

For Rifampicin Resistant Tuberculosis

1. Standard Short Term Regimen (SSTR):
   Intensive Phase - 4-6 months of Isoniazid, Pyrazinamide, Ethambutol, Kanamycin, Moxifloxacin, Prothionamide, Clofazimine and Pyridoxine.
   Continuation Phase - 5 months of Pyrazinamide, Ethambutol, Moxifloxacin and Clofazimine
   TOTAL - 9-11 months

2. Conventional Treatment Regimen (CTR)
   Intensive Phase - 6-8 months of an individualised regimen with an injectable drug Kanamycin or Capreomycin.
   Continuation Phase - 14 months of an individualized regimen without an injectable
   TOTAL - 20-22 months

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