The witness pay is credited to the witness who produced the block. Each users' vesting funds and the rewards pool get incremented each block. As far as I know they are all done as virtual operations, so they don't necessarily show up as data in the block itself.
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That's exactly what i guess, but i wonder how can they know the precise number and make the change? Maybe use some global parameters and the block height to calculate?
It is calculated based on the formulas that are described in the bluepaper.
But we should know some numbers, such as the virtual supply of STEEM, it changes all the time. Where did a block get the information.
It is held in the state information. You can check the current value (for the current block) on steemd.com.