[ESP/ENG] Enfermedad renal crónica / Chronic kidney disease

[galejandrovv]

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 Un cordial saludo a toda la comunidad, un placer saludarles, por acá su servidor: @galejandrovv.

   Hoy les comentaré sobre una patología crónica y no transmisible: enfermedad renal crónica.

 A cordial greeting to the entire community, a pleasure to greet you, here is your server: @galejandrovv.

  Today I will comment on a chronic and non-communicable diseases (NCDs): chronic kidney disease.

¿QUÉ ES LA ENFERMEDAD RENAL CRÓNICA?

¿WHAT IS CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE?

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 Se define como el deterioro progresivo e irreversible de la función renal, a consecuencia de enfermedades primarias (propias del riñón) o secundarias (en otros organos y/o sistemas, pero, que afectan la función renal). Todo esto da como resultado la pérdida de la función glomerular y endocrina del riñon.

  It is defined as the progressive and irreversible deterioration of renal function, as a result of primary diseases (specific to the kidney) or secondary diseases (in other organs and/or systems, but which affect renal function). All of this results in loss of glomerular and endocrine function of the kidney.

Fuente / Source

CAUSAS DE ENFERMEDAD RENAL CRÓNICA

CAUSES OF CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE

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 Existen muchas patologías que pueden desencadenar una enfermedad renal crónica, entre ellas tenemos:

• Diabetes mellitus.
• Hipertensión arterial.
• Enfermedades autoinmunes.
• Infecciones renales a repetición.
• Obstrucción de las vías urinarias.
• Enfermedades congénitas de riñones y vías urinarias.
• Algunos fármacos: AINES, antibióticos, anticancerígenos, etc.

  There are many pathologies that can trigger chronic kidney disease, among them we have:

• Mellitus diabetes.
• Arterial hypertension.
• Autoimmune diseases.
• Recurrent kidney infections.
• Obstruction of the urinary tract.
• Congenital diseases of the kidneys and urinary tract.
• Some drugs: NSAIDs, antibiotics, anticancer drugs, etc.
  
  
  
  

MANIFESTACONES CLÍNICAS

CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS

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  Por lo general, a inicios de la enfermedad, los signos y síntomas suelen ser muy vagos o simplemente no aparecer. Cuando las alteraciones renales llegan a etapas muy avanzadas, es cuando comienzan las manifestaciones, momento en el cual las acciones que se llevan a cabo para retrasar la enfermedad, suelen ser poco eficaces.

  Cuando el filtrado glomerular cae por debajo del 15%, es cuando se inician los signos y síntomas del síndrome urémico (por aumento de urea en la sangre), pudiendo aparecer: hipertensión arterial, anorexia, náuseas, vómitos, anemia, enfefalopatía urémica, deformidades óseas, prurito (picazón), impotencia sexual en hombres, alteraciones del ciclo menstrual en mujeres, edema en extremidades inferiores, aumento de urea y creatinina en sangre, etc.

  In general, early in the disease, the signs and symptoms are usually very vague or simply do not appear. When renal alterations reach very advanced stages, it is when the manifestations begin, at which time the actions carried out to delay the disease are usually ineffective.

When the glomerular filtration falls below 15%, it is when the signs and symptoms of uremic syndrome begin (due to increased urea in the blood), and may appear: arterial hypertension, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, anemia, uremic encephalopathy, deformities bone, pruritus (itching), sexual impotence in men, alterations of the menstrual cycle in women, edema in the lower limbs, increased blood urea and creatinine, etc.

Fuente / Source

DIAGNÓSTICO

DIAGNOSIS

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• Aumento de urea por encima de 40 mg/dl.
• Aumento de creatinina por encima de 1.2 mg/dl.
• Presencia de sangre, proteína y microcristales en el examen de orina.
• Alteración del tamaño y configuración del riñón, visto a través de ecografía.

• Increased urea above 40 mg/dl.
• Increased creatinine above 1.2 mg/dl.
• Presence of blood, protein and microcrystals in the urine test.
• Alteration of the size and configuration of the kidney, seen through ultrasound.
  
  
  
  

TRATAMIENTO

TREATMENT

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  En vista de que es una enfermedad que no tiene curación, el tratamiento se orienta a tratar de neutralizar el daño existente: control dietético, uso de fármacos protectores de la función renal, corrección hormonal y de electrolitos.

 El tratamiento sustitutivo consiste en hemodiálisis o diálisis peritoneal, para eliminar las toxinas del organismo. El tratamiento definitivo es el transplante renal, pero, la gran problemática de éste es que, resulta bastante difícil lograr la total compatibilidad entre el donante y el receptor.

  Given that it is a disease that has no cure, the treatment is aimed at trying to neutralize the existing damage: dietary control, use of protective drugs for kidney function, hormonal and electrolyte correction.

 Replacement treatment consists of hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis, to eliminate toxins from the body. The definitive treatment is renal transplantation, but the great problem with this is that it is quite difficult to achieve total compatibility between the donor and the recipient.

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 Espero haya sido de tu agrado el contenido de éste post, agradezco su colaboración con comentarios, upvote's y repost. Hasta la próxima.

  I hope the content of this post has been to your liking, I appreciate your collaboration with comments, upvote's and repost. Until next time.

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[sperosamuel15]

Thanks a lot for sharing this wonderful piece.
I always knew that NSAIDS is one of the risk factors but then patients don't stop even after telling them about the effects because of maybe the pain they are having.

It is always good to prevent the Disease especially by adequate water intake.

Thanks for this wonderful piece