El día de hoy les hablaré sobre una parasitosis intestinal bastante nombrada, la teniasis ("solitaria").
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Today I am going to talk to you about a well-known intestinal parasitosis, taeniasis ("solitary").
¿QUÉ ES LA TENIASIS?
¿WHAT IS TAENIASIS?
También se les conoce como "solitaria", ya que, en la mayoría de los casos, solamente una llega a colonizar el intestino, debido al gran tamaño que pueden alcanzar las mismas (12 - 15 metros).
They are also known as "solitary", since, in most cases, only one colonizes the intestine, due to the large size they can reach (12 - 15 meters).
Fuente / Source
¿CÓMO SE TRANSMITE?
¿HOW IS IT TRANSMITTED?
Éste parásito, a diferencia de muchos, no discrimina entre el ser humano y el animal para completar su ciclo de vida; hay parásitos que, en su forma infectante, requieren un paso exclusivo por el humano y/o animal, y, si éste no se da, el parásito no sigue su evolución y muere o queda latente hasta poder seguir su evolución. Cosa que no sucede con la Taenia, que la forma infectante para el animal también puede infectar al ser humano, siendo la parte más complicada de la enfermedad.
La forma infectante para el animal son los huevos del parásito, estos son consumidos por el animal, llegan al intestino del mismo, y, por acción de los jugos gástricos, eclosionan y luego van al sistema circulatorio y/o linfático, para posteriormente llegar hasta el tejido muscular, donde se encapsulan en forma de cisticercos (forma infectante para el humano).
La fase infectante para el humano son los cisticercos, los cuales son ingeridos tras consumir carnes contamiadas, llegan al intestino, y, por acción de los jugos gástricos, salen de su cápsula y se adhieren al intestino del individuo a través de unas ventosas que poseen, donde permanecen durante días, meses e incluso años; tienen la particularidad de que son hermafroditas, es decir, son machos y hembras a la vez, se autofecundan y luego los huevos son expulsados a través de las heces, llegando a contaminar los alimentos y/o aguas consumidas por los animales, donde logran continuar su ciclo de vida.
Si por alguna razón el ser humano se infecta con los huevos del parásito (cisticercosis), estos cumplen el mismo ciclo de vida como si estuviesen en el animal, hasta transformarse en cisticercos; a diferencia de lo que ocurre en el animal, aquí los cisticercos tienen mayor predilección por el tejido cerebral, pudiendo ocasionar lo que se conoce como neurocisticercosis.
This parasite, unlike many, does not discriminate between humans and animals to complete its life cycle; there are parasites that, in their infective form, require an exclusive passage through humans and/or animals, and, if this does not occur, the parasite does not continue its evolution and dies or remains dormant until it can continue its evolution. Something that does not happen with Taenia, that the infective form for the animal can also infect the human being, being the most complicated part of the disease.
The infective form for the animal are the eggs of the parasite, these are consumed by the animal, reach its intestine, and, due to the action of gastric juices, hatch and then go to the circulatory and/or lymphatic system, to later reach muscle tissue, where they are encapsulated in the form of cysticerci (infective form for humans).
The infective phase for humans are the cysticerci, which are ingested after consuming contaminated meat, reach the intestine, and, due to the action of gastric juices, come out of their capsule and adhere to the individual's intestine through suction cups that have , where they remain for days, months and even years; They have the particularity that they are hermaphrodites, that is, they are male and female at the same time, they self-fertilize and then the eggs are expelled through the feces, contaminating the food and/or water consumed by the animals, where they manage to continue its life cycle.
If for some reason the human being is infected with the eggs of the parasite (cysticercosis), they complete the same life cycle as if they were in the animal, until they become cysticerci; Unlike what happens in animals, here cysticerci have a greater predilection for brain tissue, and can cause what is known as neurocysticercosis.
Nótese un cisticerco en carne contaminada
Fuente / Source
MANIFESTACIONES CLÍNICAS Y DIAGNÓSTICO
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS AND DIAGNOSIS
- Pérdida de peso.
- Falta de apetito.
- Dolor y molestias abdominales.
- Náuseas y vómitos.
El diagnóstico se realiza casi exclusivamente por la presencia del parásito en heces y/o expulsión de los proglótides (bolsa de huevos) a través del ano, muchas veces el paciente y/o familiar llega a la consulta médica con la muestra en algún recipiente.
- Weightloss.
- Lack of appetite.
- Abdominal pain and discomfort.
- Nausea and vomiting.
The diagnosis is made almost exclusively by the presence of the parasite in feces and/or the expulsion of the proglottids (egg bag) through the anus. Many times the patient and/or family member arrives at the medical consultation with the sample in a container.
TRATAMIENTO
TREATMENT
Una acotación importante sobre el tratamiento, es que, no se debe indicar praziquantel hasta no estar seguros de que no hay neurocisticercosis, ya que, el fármaco puede ocasionar inflamación al rededor de la zona donde se ubica el parásito y puede empeorar la clínica del paciente.
An important note on treatment is that praziquantel should not be indicated until it is certain that there is no neurocysticercosis, since the drug can cause inflammation around the area where the parasite is located and can worsen the patient's clinical symptoms. .
Texto traducido en XTranslate
Separadores creados en Gravit Designer
Vectores descargados de Flaticon
Banner's creados en Canva
Translated text with the extension XTranslate
Separators created in Gravit Designer
Vectors downloaded from Flaticon
Banner's created in Canva
PRIMUM NON NOCERE
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