Part 8/11:
Tropical conditions further limit potential development. Diseases like malaria and HIV, which have deep-rooted histories on the continent, sap human capital. While areas elsewhere in the world have been able to sidestep the impact of such diseases, Africa remains ensnared in a cycle of illness that cripples workforce productivity.
Fragmented Agriculture
Agriculture in Africa faces extreme challenges due to a lack of extensive arable land. The little arable land that does exist is often fragmented and rendered less efficient by the Tsetse fly, which historically has prevented the widespread use of domesticated animals for transportation and farming. This lack of infrastructure forces societies to rely on burdensome transportation methods, significantly hampering trade.