Part 3/9:
Industrialization in the Nordic countries began around the 1850s, uniquely diverging from other European nations. Unlike many European countries where a small elite dominated, Nordic countries witnessed the emergence of a substantial middle class. The lack of control by nobility over peasant farmers allowed these farmers to retain their produce, contributing to a society where governments were compelled to provide public services to maintain stability and power.
As industry began to rise, Nordic governments took an active role in building infrastructure to support enterprise rather than relying solely on wealthy elites. This strategic approach laid down the initial cornerstone of their wealth: a symbiotic relationship between governance and enterprise.