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Last, Tier 3, or the European Community, reframes the focus from legal integration to geopolitical cooperation. Here, countries maintain their sovereignty while collaborating on critical issues such as trade, energy, and security. This tier allows nations outside of the EU—a category that could include Turkey or even Canada—to engage in essential European dialogues and form coalitions without pursuing full EU membership.
Pathways to Progression
Moving between these tiers could be based on adherence to democratic values and a commitment to align with ESG (environmental, social, and governance) standards. In essence, aspiring countries must respect fundamental rights and demonstrate a clear commitment to democratic practices.