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In the 11th century, the Byzantine Empire was beset by invasions, leading to the grave robbery that secured Saint Nicholas's bones for Bari. Merchants from Bari sought these relics, believing they could grant riches and honor to their city. From this theft, Bari transformed into a center of pilgrimage, with ornate churches housing the saint’s remains. While the authenticity of these relics remains disputed, they became integral to the social fabric and religious life of the area.