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Over 12,000 years ago, early humans transitioned from a precarious hunter-gatherer lifestyle to agriculture, marking what is known as the Neolithic Revolution. This shift was monumental; it enabled humans to cultivate crops and domesticate animals, leading to the creation of stable communities. With the domestication of animals, early farmers could produce a surplus of food, allowing populations to grow and trade to flourish. The simplicity of pastoralism turned wandering nomads into settled farmers and the budding of vibrant communities into bustling towns.