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Khazad-dûm, meaning “Mansion of the Dwarves” in the ancient Khuzdul tongue, was established by Durin the Deathless before the First Age, during the age of the Trees—predating the sun and moon. It was located within the Misty Mountains, where Durin, after witnessing a celestial reflection in the Mirrormere, found a promising site to excavate.
Initial constructions included the East Gates and the legendary Bridge of Durin, designed strategically to defend against invasions. Historically, Khazad-dûm withstood the military ambitions of both Morgoth and Sauron, remaining a fortified kingdom through significant eras of conflict.