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Ultimately, Sauron’s failure to understand Gandalf stemmed from his narcissism; he could not conceive of motivations that weren’t self-serving. His ignorance rendered him incapable of seeing the larger picture, focusing instead on his own plight and the ambitions he himself harbored. Gandalf's true mission of unity and selflessness was something Sauron could never comprehend.
In closing, the examination of Sauron's ignorance concerning Gandalf serves to remind us of the dangers of assuming that others share our values and motivations, a theme as relevant in Tolkien's work as it is today. As we reflect on this discussion, we are led to a deeper appreciation of the nuances of good and evil within Tolkien's narratives.