Part 4/10:
In this scenario, participants correctly identify the need to check the beer drinker's card, but often overlook the importance of flipping the 19-year-old's card; if it reveals an alcoholic drink, then the rule is indeed being violated. This shift illustrates how familiar contexts can trigger more accurate reasoning processes.
The Dual Process Theory
Psychologists Peter Wason and later Daniel Kahneman explored the notion of dual processes in human reasoning. Kahneman posits two types of thinking:
System 1: Fast, intuitive, and often driven by automatic responses.
System 2: Deliberate, slower, and engaged in logical reasoning.