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The actual mechanism behind door closers is relatively simple: they utilize a spring or a hydraulic system to close the door. The traditional spring hinge can often lead to slamming doors, while more modern hydraulic door closers allow for controlled closure, eliminating the excessive force and unwanted noise associated with older models.
Mechanically, a hydraulic door closer operates using a spring that compresses as the door opens. Once the door is released, the spring pushes it closed. A hydraulic piston filled with oil controls the speed, allowing for adjustments to how quickly the door shuts—ultimately providing smoother, quieter operation that prevents injuries and property damage.