Part 8/11:
As Bell faced growing competition post-patent expiration, the threat from independent networks loomed large. In response, Bell's management opted for a counter-strategy of denying access to their extensive long-distance network, leading to allegations of anti-competitive practices.
Amid these power struggles, financial heavyweight J.P. Morgan and Theodore Vail worked together to consolidate and control their sprawling communications network. Through strategic acquisitions, including a significant stake in Western Union, AT&T expanded its telecommunication services, preparing to dominate the industry.