Part 2/9:
Penrose's frankness is striking as he declares, “The Schrödinger equation, quantum theory as a whole, is wrong.” He navigates the complexities of quantum mechanics, particularly drawing attention to the measurement problem—the quandary of how a quantum system transitions from a superposition of states to a single observed outcome. The crux of Penrose’s argument stands that the act of measurement cannot solely rely on conscious observation, a notion entertained by many physicists. Instead, he posits that the collapse of the wave function is rooted in physical laws, not consciousness itself.