Part 3/6:
This inquiry presents a challenge to traditional physics. The second law of thermodynamics states that systems tend toward entropy, or disorder, over time. However, living organisms seem to defy this principle by developing and maintaining order. This complexity is especially perplexing when considering the origins of the Earth and life itself, which began with a cloud of dust collapsing approximately 4.8 billion years ago.
This perspective touches upon a new understanding called non-equilibrium thermodynamics, which allows physicists to confront these profound questions from innovative angles.