Part 5/10:
To grasp how this theory operates, one must consider the Schrödinger equation, which outlines the behavior of a wave function over time. This equation is linear and time-reversible, which is part of the beauty of quantum mechanics. However, the collapse of the wave function introduces a fundamental non-linearity, something that Ghirardi and his colleagues sought to account for by adding a non-linear term to the equation. This particular modification proposed that wave function collapse occurs randomly and infrequently, like a rare "hit" that causes the wave function to decisively determine a particular state.