Part 4/9:
Today’s RSA encryption relies on prime numbers that are around 313 digits long, rendering them infeasible to factor using classical computers. Even the most advanced supercomputers would take millions of years to crack these codes. However, quantum computers offer a different paradigm, exploiting the principles of quantum mechanics to perform calculations exponentially faster than classical computers. A quantum bit, or qubit, can exist in a superposition of states, enabling simultaneous computations and presenting a real threat to conventional encryption methods.