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Topics surrounding special metaphysics address contemporary issues including immortality, the mind-body problem, and the concept of free will. While these specialized discussions continue today, ontology remains the prominent focus, where modern ontologists investigate the categories of existence, debating whether elements like properties, numbers, and even universals exist independently from the objects they characterize.
What are universals? They refer to shared qualities available in different individual objects—like redness or squareness. The age-old question concerning the existence of universals remains a topic of passionate debate among metaphysicians, who seek to understand their foundation and significance.