Part 3/8:
To comprehend this paradox, we must first revisit the fundamentals of entropy. Entropy measures the number of ways a system can be arranged; in simpler terms, it quantifies disorder. For instance, compressing the volume of a gas transfers energy to the particles, increasing their entropy instead of decreasing it.
Maxwell's Demon operates differently. The demon opens and closes a door to manage particle movement, carefully avoiding the transfer of energy. By selectively allowing fast particles to one side and slower ones to the other, it appears to diminish entropy. However, this raised a critical question: how can the demon accomplish this without affecting the overall entropy?