Part 5/8:
Philosopher Thomas Nagel offered compelling arguments in favor of panpsychism, aiming to address what David Chalmers labeled the "hard problem of consciousness." Nagel contended that the materials that compose conscious beings (like humans) do not differ fundamentally from those that compose non-conscious entities. This viewpoint stresses that consciousness is a real property intrinsic to all matter, hotly debating whether or not consciousness can arise solely from physical properties.