Part 6/8:
Nagel's reasoning concludes that because all beings are composed of the same matter, they must inherently share some mental properties. Thus, consciousness is not a unique feature exclusive to complex organisms but a fundamental aspect of existence that resonates throughout the universe.
Objecting to Panpsychism
Despite its allure, panpsychism faces significant challenges, particularly the combination problem articulated by philosopher William James. The crux of the objection lies in the difficulty of understanding how smaller consciousnesses can combine to form a larger, more complex consciousness.