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Researchers have made strides in addressing these technical challenges, specifically regarding the optimal wavelengths needed to prevent degradation of photons traveling through optical fibers. Scientists have successfully converted photons into wavelengths better suited for long-distance travel, leading to notable achievements, such as establishing entangled nodes 50 kilometers apart.
The U.S. Department of Energy acknowledges key milestones necessary for realizing a functional quantum internet: securing quantum information over existing infrastructure, developing entangled networks at local levels, expanding these networks to cover states, and ultimately creating a national quantum framework.