Part 2/10:
Mathematics serves as a unique platform for evaluating AI capabilities due to its inherent objectivity. The problems crafted by Epoch AI are designed to have singular, verifiable solutions that can be automated for validation. This focus on mathematics is warranted; many current AI models, particularly large language models (LLMs), rely heavily on ad hoc pattern matching, lacking a genuine understanding of truth or belief systems. This shortfall is a barrier to their advancement in more complex reasoning tasks outside mathematical confines.