RE: LeoThread 2024-01-18 03:04

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Enjoy this little #medicine #threadstorm of notes I've been writing from my studies, and see whether you can make anything out of it lol

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• Subdural hematoma --> elderly, after fall with head injury, contralateral FNDs, crescent-shaped hemorrhage (between dura mater and arachnoid mater), shearing of cerebral bridging veins, cross suture lines but not midline

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• Epidural hematoma --> lens-shaped hemorrhage (between skull and dura mater), meningeal artery, don't cross suture lines

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• Subarachnoid hemorrhage --> "worst headache of my life," intracranial aneurysm (risk factors = smoking, family history, hypertension), rupture + stiff neck, starburst pattern around basilar cisterns on CT Head

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• Diffuse axonal stretch injury --> acceleration-deceleration

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• Insulinoma --> pancreatic beta islet cell tumor --> high 72-hour fasting insulin, hypoglycemia with high insulin + high C-peptide levels; Whipple triad = hypoglycemia, symptoms of hypoglycemia, improvement of symptoms when given glucose; treatment = surgery

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• With hypoglycemia, rule out: exogenous insulin usage (C peptide would be low, as C peptide is produced when insulin is made by the body), oral hypoglycemic ingestion (i.e. sulfonylurea), autoimmune antibodies against insulin or insulin receptors

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• Insulin-like growth factor (childhood growth, anabolic metabolism) seen in growth hormone excess (acromegaly, gigantism), made by liver in response to growth hormone from anterior pituitary

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• Multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) Type 1 --> pituitary adenomas, pancreatic tumors (gastrinomas, insulinomas), parathyroid hyperplasia