This may be more a 'web4' thing but I think the following ideas might be worth exploring.
Full nodes operating on satellites in space or balloons in the upper atmosphere. Blockchain based operating systems. Lite nodes that can operate on phones, raspberry pis and other small devices. Utilizing existing technologies like data over HAM radio to reach those without the convenience of traditional internet access. Custom built hardware that is just 'plug and play' would be the general idea there.
Basically incorporating both hardware solutions and software solutions instead of just software solutions.
(Edited for clarity and so I can tag you because I did not realize this was an old post.)