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Some information that appear convincing is actually false, though...

You combat this with good information and verifiable facts. Truth is persuasive.

Was Galileo "spreading misinformation/disinformation" when he proposed that the earth orbits the sun? It's similar these days, and we're living it daily.

Exactly. He had verifiable facts to argue for him. It wasn't much help in his heresy trial. But ultimately the truth won. Today misinformation/disinformation is the label for "truth we don't want to hear".