This suggests that rules ensuring data accessibility are
not only a matter of research productivity or aggregation, but also speak to the potential to guard
against lock-in and anticompetitive conduct. At the present moment there seem to be a large
number of individual companies attempting to take advantage of AI across a wide variety of
domains (e.g., there are probably more than 20 firms engaging in significant levels of research in
autonomous vehicles, and no firm has yet to show a decisive advantage), but this high level of
activity likely reflects an expectation for the prospects for significant market power in the future.
Ensuring that deep learning does not enhance monopolization and increase barriers to entry
across a range of sectors will be a key topic going forward.
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