1952
Allen Newell, a mathematician and computer scientist, and Herbert A. Simon, a political scientist, develop influential programs such as the Logic Theorist and General Problem Solver, which are among the first to mimic human problem-solving abilities using computational methods.
1955
The term "artificial intelligence" is first coined in a workshop proposal titled "A Proposal for the Dartmouth Summer Research Project on Artificial Intelligence,"3 submitted by John McCarthy of Dartmouth College, Marvin Minsky of Harvard University, Nathaniel Rochester from IBM and Claude Shannon from Bell Telephone Laboratories.
The workshop, which took place a year later, in July and August 1956, is generally considered the official birthdate of the burgeoning field of AI.