- Switches: Switches are network devices that connect multiple devices within a local area network (LAN). They use MAC addresses (unique addresses assigned to network interfaces) to forward data packets between devices.
- Domain Name System (DNS): When a computer wants to access a website or send data to a specific server, it needs to resolve the domain name (e.g., google.com) to an IP address. This is done using the Domain Name System (DNS), which is a distributed database that maps domain names to IP addresses.
- Data Transmission: Once the packets reach the destination computer, the receiving computer reassembles the packets in the correct order using the sequence numbers and error-checking information. The data is then delivered to the intended application or process.
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