Today’s weather prediction and climate monitoring techniques are rooted in statistical and numerical models that are going on decades old. That doesn’t mean they’re bad or wrong — just not particularly efficient. These physics-based models are the kind of thing you set aside a few weeks on a supercomputer for.
But AI has a knack for pulling patterns out of large bodies of data, and research has shown that, when AI is trained on years of weather patterns and observations around the world, it can predict upcoming events with surprising accuracy.