An Islamic kingdom that once stood in the province of Aceh, Indonesia. The Sultanate of Aceh is located in the north of Sumatra island with the capital Bandar Bandar Darussalam with its first sultan is Sultan Ali Mughayat Syahyang crowned on Sunday, 1 Jumadil beginning 913 H or on September 8, 1507. In its long history (1496 - 1903), Aceh developed patterns and systems of military education, committed to opposing European imperialism, having a systematic and orderly system of government, realizing centers of scientific assessment, and establishing diplomatic relations with other countries.
Heyday
Although the Sultan is considered the supreme ruler, but in fact always controlled by orangkaya or hulubalang. Hikayat Aceh said the forcibly descended Sultan among them Sultan Sri Alam was overthrown in 1579 because of his already over-brave nature in handing out royal treasures to his followers. His successor Sultan Zainal Abidin was killed several months later because of his cruelty and because of his addiction to hunting and animal fighting. Kings and Orangkaya offered the crown to Alaiddin Riayat Shah Sayyid al-Mukamil of Darul Kamal Dynasty in 1589. He immediately ended the period of instability by annihilating the opposing riches while strengthening his position as the sole ruler of the Aceh Sultanate whose impact was felt upon the next sultan.
Deterioration
The decline of Aceh is caused by several factors, among which are the strengthening of Dutch power on the island of Sumatra and the Malacca Strait, marked by the fall of Minangkabau, Siak, Tiku, Tapanuli, Mandailing, Deli, Barus (1840) and Bengkulu into the Dutch colonial pockets. Another important factor is the seizure of power among the inheritors of the emperor's throne.
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