I break it down into leader/follower and positive/negative typologies. By positive/negative (the simplest characterizations I could come up with) People driven by either rational or irrational self-interest. In psychological terms, inner vs outer directed. I try to keep the characterizations simple because the explanations get kind of convoluted. I guess Jefferson's elite vs non-elite would suit the leader/follower except that elites are artificial- you can inherit elite status whereas by leaders I mean some innate leadership traits that make people want to follow... by personality, not fiat. I'll address factions (parties) when I write my piece on the Bill of Rights.
The stuff for the book I wrote over 20 years ago and it needs to be updated a bit- part of it was a critique of the Clinton presidency.