No, you would notice, because we set 1 second as a certain amount of time relative to movement in existence. If the earth would speed up, 1 second would still be one second for us, but we would have less time to spin around for 1 day, so the day would change length. 1 second is arbitrary, based on a division of the day. The day is what determines our measure of hours, minutes and seconds.
I wish I had more than 24h too hehe.
Yes, 1 second is a time in which the atom of Cesium completes 9,192,631,770 frequencies. But what will happen if Cesium atom complete that resonance in just half the time and so the other atoms? Will be able to realize it? No, never.