But, to answer your question, it depends on what the taxes are used for. If the taxes are used to produce public goods with positive externalities that the small business owner relies upon or benefits from, then that is how they benefit from taxes. For instance, taxes to pay for the transportation infrastructure the customers use, or to pay for the rule of law that underpins capitalist enterprise, or public education which allows for standardized expectations for workers and customers, or to pay for the organizations like the FDA that allow customers to buy from a stranger without worrying about getting poisoned/cheated, or from the military strength not to have to be concerned about conquering armies, etc.
There are also many functions of the government which are not beneficial to the small business owner specifically, and there are also functions that are not beneficial to almost any American citizens outside of the ruling class.
Taxes are not inherently good or bad. In some cases, taxes are effectively theft. In other cases, the absence of taxes is inherently theft. A nuanced approach to analyzing the effects of taxes is necessary to achieve maximum market efficiency.