Intelligence tests are of several types. They can be categorised as individual or group tests. You can choose a test depending on the purpose of your use.
Individual and or Group Test
An individual intelligence test is one which can be administered to one person at a time.
A group intelligence test can be administered to several persons simultaneously. Individual tests require the administrator to establish a rapport with the subject and be sensitive to her/his feelings, moods and expressions during the testing session. Group tests, however, do not allow an opportunity to be familiar with the subjects' feelings. Individual tests allow people to answer orally or in a written form or manipulate objects as per the tester's instructions. Group tests generally seek written answers usually in a multiple-choice format.
*** Verbal, Non- verbal, or Performance Tests***
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An intelligence test may be fully verbal, fully non-verbal or fully performance - based.
Verbal tests require subjects to give verbal responses either orally or in written form.
Therefore, verbal tests can be administered only to literate people . The non- verbal
tests use pictures or illustrations are as test items. RPM test is an example of a non-issue
verbal tests. In this test, the subject examines an incomplete pattern and choose a figure from the alternatives that will complete the pattern.
Some Misuses of Intelligence Tests
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You might have learnt by now that intelligence tests serve many useful purposes such as
selection, counselling, guidance, self -analysis, and diagnosis. Unless used by a trained investigator,
they may be misused either intentionally or unintentionally. Some of the ill-effects of intelligence
testing by naive testers are:
1.Poor performance of on a test may attach a stigma to children.
2.The tests may invite discriminating practices from parents, teachers
and elders in the society.
3.Administering a test biased in favour of the middle class and higher class populations
may underestimate the IQ of children coming from disadvantaged sections of the society.
4.Intelligence can be a potential factor for achievement in various spheres of life.
It is suggested that one should guard against erroneous practices associated with
intelligence tests and take the help of trained psychologists to analyse an individual's
strengths and weaknesses.
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