I have my own opinions on this whole thing. Compelling someone to do something they vehemently disagree with does little good for society, and helps few, if any.
If the parties were changed, how would the reaction go? If an LGBT friendly bakery were required to make a cake that says "homosexuality is sin," would we force them to violate their beliefs? What about a Jewish bakery being forced to make a cake with the iron eagle?
If this bakery doesn't want to serve a customer, they can go without that profit center. Capitalism will run its course, and the evil ones out there will wither and fade.
Napoleon Bonaparte said, "never interrupt your enemy when he is making a mistake." Let them reap the results of their actions.
Note that in your examples it's people refusing to partake in bigotry, literally the opposite of what happened in this case.
The law doesn't care about bigotry. The law would set a precedent that would force such interactions. The law thinks about the bigger picture, and is a very, very sharp double edged sword. You must be careful not to cut yourself when you wield it.
I dunno, if you have a private club, sure, you get to discriminate as far as I'm concerned. But with a business open to the public? I'm OK with the government passing and then forcing you to obey environmental laws, labor laws, public health and safety laws and anti-discrimination laws.
Anti-discrimination laws also mean the scenarios I mentioned above would also apply. Are you really sure you're okay with that? Would you be able to force a Jewish bakery to put a swastika on a cake? You're a far braver man than I...
Nazis would not be a protected group in the anti-discrimination law, and I would be OK with that.
I don't think you fully understand how this works...
Sure, nobody in their right mind would ever openly say they're a nazi. They deserve all the ire they get. At the same time, you cannot stop someone from wanting a swastika. They're not actively engaging in eradication or discrimination by ordering a cake, so the law holds no teeth against them. On the other hand, denying them service, however abhorrent, would be illegal. By siding with the bakery, the courts have allowed your ideal scenario to prevail. The bakery is able to say, "no, I think this is awful and I refuse."