This is the entire reason why inqtel was formed by the CIA in the first place. By seed funding all of the groups in your graphic (and many others), they basically have control over the entire structure of the internet with backdoors and a high degree of control. It was built and operated that way from the very beginning. I can categorically say from personal knowledge (member of my family works for an ISP), that there are different gateways and highways that are used to carry this out.
I submitted an entry in the early days of @deepdives on INQTEL and how it was formed, that may interest you, if you haven't already read it before.
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Thanks for the deeper background info. I managed to miss that entry somehow, and am glad to be apprised of it now.