Hi there, first of all, welcome to Hive!
There is a little bit of learning curve here. I will try to simplify the answer.
Largely, you can ignore the "Pending Payout Amount" calculation. The blockchain tries to calculate the post rewards value in USD terms but it is not 100% accurate. It is therefore more important to look at the HBD and HP values.
HBD are called Hive-backed Dollars. It is designed with the objective to be pegged 1 HBD = 1 USD. However, the peg is off from time to time and not much effort is being put in to keep it stable. HP means Hive Power. It is basically HIVE powered up or staked with the blockchain. You can do a Power Down or unstaking anytime, but it takes 13 weeks to fully power down. However, every week you will get 1/13 of the powered down HP converted to HIVE.
Finally, your post rewards are split 50/50. Half to you and half to the curators (the voters). Hence, for your post in the screenshot, if no further votes were casted, you are likely to be paid about 0.055 HBD and 0.18 HP when you receive your rewards in a few days. There are further concepts as to how much of your rewards are in HBD and how much in HP but I don't think you have to worry about that for now.
Hope this helps. Feel free to hit me up if you need more assistance
Thank you for your response. That helps a lot with my questions!