I for instance, don't understand Korean. I need to use translator, and definitely there are meanings and intents lost in such translation as it's far from being perfect. Even though I'm making efforts to understand your point of view, it seems there are still huge gaps at the very basic level.
If you could use English it would definitely help us to communicate and use more clear language to talk about Steem mechanics.
Yes, downvotes are described in the Steem whitepaper, there are crucial part of "Voting on Distribution of Currency" (see page 14).
Also, page 6, "Recognizing Contribution", namely:
A proven system for evaluating and rewarding contributions is the free market. The free market can be viewed as a single community where everyone trades with one another and rewards are allocated by profit and loss. The market system rewards those who provide value to others and punishes those who consume more value than they produce.
In most cases there are really no hard feelings attached to downvotes and it shouldn't be perceived like that.
Voting, both up and down are like having a haggle with a salesman at the market over the price of an offered item.