Diabetes Mellitus

Mellitus diabetes

Hello Good evening friends of Steemit, tonight I will propose to publish something that is very important and that is damaging the world and is about Diabetes Mellitus, which is a disease that can be born or acquired throughout life and with the The simple fact of not following doctor's instructions or not accepting the disease can have many complications and can be fatal.
Diabetes Mellitus describes a metabolic disorder of multiple etiology, characterized by chronic hyperglycemia with disturbances in the metabolism of carbohydrates, fat and proteins, resulting from disorders in the secretion or action of insulin. It is a disease that occurs when the pancreas can not make enough insulin or when it fails to act in the body because the cells do not respond to your stimulus.
Types of diabetes
There are two main types of diabetes:
Diabetes mellitus type 1: it is frequent to be diagnosed before the age of 35, although it can occur at any age. The cells of the pancreas responsible for making insulin are destroyed and stop generating it. It usually has a sudden appearance.
Diabetes mellitus type 2: usually diagnosed in the middle age of life (above 40 years), although there are infrequent cases in young people. It is produced essentially by a progressive resistance of the cells (especially of the liver and muscles) to the action of the insulin produced.
There are also two types of conjunctival diabetes:
Gestational diabetes: It is diagnosed during pregnancy and may disappear after delivery.

Induced diabetes: by drugs (for example, corticosteroids) or by very rare genetic diseases (chronic pancreatitis, etc.).

Screening of diabetes in asymptomatic patients: Screening for type 2 diabetes and assessing the risk of future diabetes in asymptomatic persons should be considered in adults of any age who are overweight or obese (BMI ≥ 25 kg / m2) who have one or more of the additional risk factors for diabetes (table 3). In these people with such risk factors, the screening should start after 45 years. If the tests are NORMAL, they must be repeated at least at 3-year intervals.

As a screening for diabetes or to assess the risk of diabetes in the future, A1C, fasting blood glucose and the 2-hour glucose tolerance test with a 75-g glucose load are appropriate. In those with increased risk of future diabetes, it should be identified and if appropriate to treat other cardiovascular disease risk factors.

Screening should be considered in all overweight / obese adults (BMI ≥ 25 kg / m2) who have one or more of the following risk factors:
Physical inactivity.
Family members in the first or second degree with diabetes.
Race or ethnic group of high risk (African American, Latino, Native American, Asian American, Polynesian).
Obstetric history of gestational diabetes and / or of children whose birth weight exceeded 4 kg (9 lb)
Hypertension (blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mmHg or under antihypertensive treatment).
HDL-cholesterol levels <35 mg / dL (0.90 mmol / L) and / or triglyceride levels> 250 mg / dL (2.82 mmol / L).
A glycosylated hemoglobin (A1C) ≥ 5.7%, impaired fasting glycemia or impaired glucose tolerance in previous tests.
Another clinical condition associated with insulin resistance (severe obesity, acanthosis nigricans, etc.)
History of cardiovascular disease (ischemic heart disease: angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, etc.)
In the absence of the above criteria, screening for diabetes should begin at 45 years of age
If the results are NORMAL, the tests should be repeated at least every 3 years, with consideration to make them more frequent depending on the initial results (those with prediabetes should be evaluated ANNUALLY) and the risk status
The most recognized "prediabetic" condition is glucose intolerance (ITG) that is diagnosed by a PTOG. Prediabetes is diagnosed when blood glucose is between 140 and 199 mg / dl at 2 hours of PTOG. People with ITG are at high risk of developing diabetes, whose magnitude depends on the ethnic and environmental characteristics of the population. This risk can be reduced by up to 50% with interventions aimed at changing the lifestyle and up to 62% with medication, which is why it is very important to identify these individuals to be involved in primary diabetes prevention programs.
How is diabetes diagnosed?